Throughout his novel Essay Example for Free

Throughout his novel Essay Reread the begging of section one of the novel. Write about the ways the writer uses details in this passage to make the reader think about the changes, events and ideas in the novel; in the way the writer uses detail in his passage to prepare the reader for the ending. Throughout his novel, Of mice and Men John Steinbeck presents many ideas about the bias system that prevents working class people from amounting to anything, and how the fates of ranch hands and particularly the character of Lennie are inevitable. His use of language and literary techniques in order to develop his character and setting are used to prompt the reader to consider these ideas. The vocabulary that Steinbeck choices to describe the brush in both sections one and six of the novel mirror each other. Steinbeck has Lennie repeating the actions from section one to make us think back to the beginning of the novella, and consider the characters that he has created. Steinbecks meticulous use of detail throughout the novel makes it more memorable to the reader and so when in section 6 Lennie appear[s] out of the brush they are instantly reminded of the opening, as though the novel has come full circle. Steinbeck chose to set the ending to Of Mice and Men in the same setting as he chose to set the first to show the monotony and routine of the ranch hands and despite the dreams they may have, the reality of the situation makes hopes impossible. We, as the readers are aware from the start that the text is likely to end where it began as Steinbeck has the character, Lennie repeating what George said about the brush so [he doesnt] forget it, consequently the repetition also had the phrase stick in the minds of the novels audience. So when Lennie remembers his instructions from George in section Six, so do the audience. Steinbeck sets section six of the novel after the sun had left the valley which mirrors the first section which was also set in the evening. However the night also serves another purpose of suggesting that at the end of the day also comes the end of Lennies life, making the reader consider what has happened in the novel between sections one and six to lead to this moment and the comments Steinbeck was trying to communicate. The language choices Steinbeck makes to describe Lennie are throughout often quite animalistic. Although to demonstrate his size when Lennie is described as a bear, these terms serve a secondary purpose of making Lennie seem more animal than human. The very end of the novel and Lennies death are foreshadowed by the events in section 3 when Candys dog is led away to be shot. Later on Candy reveals that he feels that he should have shot him myself, which is what George does in the way Carlson describes in the bunkhouse. These similarities make Lennie seem like an animal however the metaphor goes further, suggesting that people at the time were all treated badly or like animals as Lennie is in this novel. In conclusion, the details that Steinbeck presents the final section of the novel Of Mice and Men make the reader think about other sections of the novel, particularly the begging as much of the imagery used in the final section is either the same or similar.

Free College Admissions Essays: Psychology :: College Admissions Essays

College Essay about Psychology    Some say that mankind is complex beyond comprehension. I cannot, of course, speak for every other individual on this earth, but I do not believe that I am a very difficult person to understand. My life is based upon two very simple, sweeping philosophies: pragmatism in actions and idealism in thought. Thus, with these two attitudes, I characterize myself.    Pragmatism in actions. I believe utterly in one of those old cliches: we are given only a limited time upon this earth and every moment wasted is lost forever. Therefore, I do not engage in those things that I view as useless. The next question is obvious. What do I view as useless? In reality, perhaps too many things and definitely too many to address in one essay. However, I can indulge in the discussion of a few. Hate is a wasted emotion. Hate accomplishes nothing. It does not relieve hunger. It does not alleviate pain. It creates only avoidable aggression. I do not believe in any kind of hate, including prejudice and racism. My energies and time can be better spent elsewhere. Anger too. What does anger do? Nothing. It frustrates us and aggravates us, and we can avoid it. Being frustrated is not a pleasing experience for me. When I was young, or rather, when I was younger than I am now, I would explode at the smallest disturbances (I'm sorry mom and dad). Now, I have realized that anger is a waste of time, and I no longer have a temper to lose. I would much rather wallow in happiness. And in my happiness, I do not worry much over my image in the eyes of others. The important word here is much, for there are opinions of certain individuals about which I do care a great deal, but these are few. They include my family, my close friends, and those who possess the power to affect my life significantly (for example, university admissions officers). Otherwise, I pay no attention to whispers behind my back or vague rumors circulating in the air above. As long as I know the truth, however harsh it may be, and those that I care about know the truth, I am not troubled. The masses may think as they wish. They are entitled. As can probably be observed from this essay thus far, my outlook on life saves me more than a bit of stress.

Michael Ondaatje’s “Elizabeth” Essay

Michael Ondaatje’s â€Å"Elizabeth† portrays the life of the English Queen Elizabeth I. Ondaatje fuses prose and poetry, fact and fiction, realism and surrealism. The effect of this fusion creates a high degree of dramatic realism. It illustrates the progression and transition from childhood to adulthood. The Poem opens with a young Elizabeth harvesting apples with her father (King Henry VIII) and Uncle Jack (fictional character); preceded by a trip to the zoo. The atmosphere suddenly shifts from going to the zoo, to ice fishing with Philip (King of Spain) on a cold winter day. Abruptly, the atmosphere and time shifts again to describing Mary’s (Elizabeth’s stepsister) teeth. Then jumps to a dancing scene with Elizabeth’s confidant, Tom (Lord Thomas Seymour), which is followed by the execution of Tom. Finally, the poem ends with a rather short description of Elizabeth writing poems with another confidant, the Earl of Essex. The narrative lines and descriptive passages employed in â€Å"Elizabeth† do not flow logically and coherently from point A to point B. The names do not appear to be in historical and chronological order; however, they fit into a generalized image of the political mayhem, betrayal, and punishments of that time. Elizabeth’s stepsister â€Å"ËÅ"Bloody’ Mary Tudor, Mary’s husband Philip II of Spain, the unfortunate Lord Tom Seymour, and her late favorite, the Earl of Essex, were all executed. Ondaatje’s â€Å"Elizabeth† alters from child-voice through adolescent-voice to adult-voice, catching the tone of each stage of maturity. Ondaatje’s imitation of the tones shows how Elizabeth must, through debilitating maturity and complex situations, sacrifice passion to power, as how a young ruler would have to. For example in stanza three, Philip â€Å"broke the ice†(19) and â€Å"then he [Philip] kissed me [Elizabeth]†(22), suggests that love is deceitful, and is to be avoided. Furthermore in stanza five, â€Å"I kept the love in my palm till it blistered†(34) connotes that love is painful and not time-worthy. Death is present and apparent in last stanzas as both threat and momento mori (remembrance for the dead), even to the young mischievous girl who â€Å"hid the apple in my room/ till it shrunk like a face/  growing eyes and teeth ribs†(7-9). The symbolic references to â€Å"apple†(2) and â€Å"snake†(12) conjure up the relationship between Elizabeth’s life to that of Adam’s and Eve’s. The evil, deceptive snake in Adam and Eve convinces Eve to eat the apple, which in the end leads to her downfall. Elizabeth’s father, King Henry VIII of England, compliments and sides with snake in the zoo, by describing it as â€Å"Smart†(16). This siding of the snake might indicate to the readers of the residing evil within him. In stanza three, the image of ice fishing and eating raw, uncooked fish implies a primitive and uncivilized way of living. A primitive life is a dangerous one. The correlation between the snake, the father, and the primitiveness can lead to a sense of danger in Elizabeth’s life. Elizabeth senses the danger and evades it by becoming sly and controlling. This is indicated by the tonal transition in as she slides from thoughts of â€Å"Tom, soft laughing†(28) and â€Å"turning / with the rhythm of the sun on warped branches, / who’d hold my breast and watch it move like a snail / leaving his quick urgent love in my palm†(30-34), to his beheading, and finally to her later â€Å"cool†(44) flirtations â€Å"with white young Essex (45). Nevertheless, Elizabeth’s control of voice captures the readers’ attention. â€Å"Elizabeth† is one example of Ondaatje’s attempts to defy traditional poetry writing. And he achieves it in the incoherency of events, the un-rhythmic lines and the irregular stanzas.

University of Rochester Acceptance Rate, SAT/ACT Scores, GPA

The University of Rochester is a private research university with an acceptance rate of 29%. Located on the Genesee River on the outskirts of Rochester, New York, the University of Rochester has highly ranked programs ranging from the health sciences to music and optics. For strength in the liberal arts and sciences, the university was awarded a chapter of  Phi Beta Kappa, and due to its impressive research programs, the school earned membership in the  Association of American Universities. The universitys many strengths earned it a place among the top New York Colleges and the top Middle-Atlantic Colleges. The University of Rochester Yellowjackets compete in NCAA Division III athletics. The school fields ten mens and eleven womens intercollegiate sports. To apply, students can use the  Common Application or the Coalition Application. Applicants to the Eastman School of Music must apply directly to the program on the schools website. University of Rochester has an Early Decision program that can improve admission chances for students who are sure the university is their top choice school. Considering applying to this selective school? Here are the University of Rochester admissions statistics you should know. Acceptance Rate During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, the University of Rochester had an acceptance rate of 29%. This means that for every 100 students who applied, 29 were admitted, making Rochesters admissions process competitive. Admissions Statistics (2017-18) Number of Applicants 21,255 Percent Admitted 29% Percent Admitted Who Enrolled (Yield) 24% SAT Scores and Requirements The University of Rochester has test-flexible admissions, meaning that applicants can choose to submit SAT Subject test scores, Advanced Placement exam scores, International Baccalaureate exam scores, and several international standardized tests in lieu of SAT and ACT scores. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 66% of admitted students submitted SAT scores. Note that beginning with application year 2019, University of Rochester will implement a test-optional application policy. SAT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile ERW 640 710 Math 680 790 ERW=Evidence-Based Reading and Writing This admissions data tells us that most of University of Rochesters admitted students fall within the top 20% nationally on the SAT. For the evidence-based reading and writing section, 50% of students admitted to University of Rochester scored between 640 and 710, while 25% scored below 640 and 25% scored above 710. On the math section, 50% of admitted students scored between 680 and 790, while 25% scored below 680 and 25% scored above 790. Applicants with a composite SAT score of 1500 or higher will have particularly competitive chances at the University of Rochester. Requirements The University of Rochester does not require the SAT writing section. Note that University of Rochester participates in the scorechoice program, which means that the admissions office will consider your highest score from each individual section across all SAT test dates. ACT Scores and Requirements The University of Rochester has test-flexible admissions, meaning that applicants can choose to submit SAT Subject test scores, Advanced Placement exam scores, International Baccalaureate exam scores, and several international standardized tests in lieu of SAT and ACT scores. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 28% of admitted students submitted ACT scores. Note that beginning with application year 2019, University of Rochester will implement a test-optional application policy. ACT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile English 30 35 Math 28 34 Composite 30 34 This admissions data tells us that most of University of Rochesters admitted students fall within the top 7% nationally on the ACT. The middle 50% of students admitted to University of Rochester received a composite ACT score between 30 and 34, while 25% scored above 34 and 25% scored below 30. Requirements The University of Rochester does not require the ACT writing section. Unlike many universities, University of Rochester superscores ACT results; your highest subscores from multiple ACT sittings will be considered. GPA In 2018, the average high school GPA for incoming University of Rochester freshman was 3.8. These results suggest that most successful applicants to the University of Rochester have primarily A grades. Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph University of Rochester Applicants Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph. Data courtesy of Cappex. The admissions data in the graph is self-reported by applicants to the University of Rochester. GPAs are unweighted. Find out how you compare to accepted students, see the real-time graph, and calculate your chances of getting in  with a free Cappex account. Admissions Chances The University of Rochester, which accepts fewer than a third of applicants, has a competitive admissions pool with above average GPAs and SAT/ACT scores. However, University of Rochester has a  holistic admissions process involving other factors beyond your grades and test scores. A strong application essay and short answer response and glowing  letters of recommendation can strengthen your application, as can participation in meaningful  extracurricular activities and a rigorous course schedule. In the graph above, the blue and green dots represent accepted students. You can see that the majority of successful applicants had high school averages of A- or higher, combined SAT scores of 1250 or higher, and ACT composite scores of 27 or better. A significant number of applicants had perfect 4.0 GPAs. All admissions data has been sourced from the National Center for Education Statistics and University of Rochester Undergraduate Admissions Office.

Legalizing Marijuana. Marijuana, Also Called Herb, Weed,

Legalizing Marijuana Marijuana, also called herb, weed, herb, pot, grass, and a vast number of other slang terms, is a greenish-gray combination of the dried, shredded leaves and flowers of Cannabis sativa, the hemp plant. Some individuals smoke marijuana in hand-rolled cigarettes called joints; many use pipes, water pipes, or marijuana cigars called blunts (often made by cutting open cigars and replacing some or all the tobacco with marijuana). Marijuana is frequently mixed into foods (edibles) such as brownies, cookies, or candies, particularly when it is sold or consumed for medicinal purposes. Stronger varieties of marijuana include Sinsemilla (from specially tended female plants) and concentrated resins containing high doses†¦show more content†¦According to government surveys, 25 million Americans have smoked marijuana in the past year, and more than 14 million do so on a regular basis, despite harsh laws against its use. Marijuana is far less hazardous than tobacco or alcohol. Nearly 50,000 people die each year from alcohol poisoning. Additionally, more than 400,000 deaths each year are attributed to smoking tobacco. By comparison, marijuana is non-hazardous and cannot cause death by overdose. The United States public policies should reflect this reality, not deny it. (NORML) The legalization of marijuana is a liberty that people deserve to choose for themselves. Legalization would also reduce crime, and give sick patients a new effective medicine. The most important reason for marijuana to be legalized is because people deserve to be free, and have the choice to smoke marijuana. As the members of what we call a â€Å"free nation† should have the right to make decisions for ourselves. Marijuana is less hazardous than other drugs that are already legal, like alcohol and tobacco. Marijuana also takes part of some religions. Just as Christians drink wine on certain occasions, religions such as some Buddhists, Hindus, and Rastafarians use mar ijuana in their spiritual and religious ceremonies. These individuals have the right to exercise their religion, and The First Amendment in our Constitution protects these rights. Smoking marijuana does not cause harm to others; therefore,Show MoreRelatedShould Marijuana Be Legalized?924 Words   |  4 PagesMarijuana is contervisol topic all around the world, some countries like Amsterdam and states in the United States have legalized marijuana, and this has put preasure onto other countries to legalize. Marijuana is also referred as weed, herb, and pot and is derived from a plant called cannabis sativa, also known as hemp plant. The cannabis plant produces THC, which stands for tetrahydrocannabinol, and there are over 85+ individual cannabinoids, which are found in marijuana, but THC is responsibleRead MoreLegalization Of Marijuan The Time For Change1359 Words   |  6 PagesLegalization of Marijuana: The Time for Change Marijuana has been an ongoing controversial issue for quite some time now. According to the national institution on drug abuse, â€Å"Marijuana—also called weed, herb, pot, grass, bud, ganja, Mary Jane, and a vast number of other slang terms—is a greenish-gray mixture of the dried, shredded leaves and flowers of Cannabis sativa— the hemp plant.† (National Institution on Drug Abuse). Today twenty-three states and the District of Columbia currently haveRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1183 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish 1302 14 March 2015 Time to Reconsider: Legalize Marijuana Did you know that every 42 seconds, someone is arrested on marijuana related charges? Marijuana, refers to the dried leaves, flowers, stems, and seeds from the hemp plant Cannabis sativa, which contains the psychoactive (mind-altering) chemical delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), as well as other related compounds. Others may refer to it as pot, grass, reefer, weed, herb, or Maryjane. This plant has raised concerns in almost everyRead MoreThe Effects of Legalizing Drugs Essay2011 Words   |  9 Pagesdrug-related crime and deaths were not enough for society, Marijuana is now legal in Colorado and Washington--which has already created new substance-related problems. Just the fact of legalizing it confuses teens into thinking that it’s not risky anymore, thus promoting adolescent use. Legal or not, the addictive nature of pot has always been the most influential gateway substance to either alcohol, tobacco, or hard drugs. This means that Marijuana is almost always linked to substance-induced destructionRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legal? Every State?1894 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"Should Marijuana Be Legal in Every State?† Marijuana is also called weed, herb, pot, grass, bud, ganja, Mary Jane, and a lot of other terms in today’s world. It is a greenish- grey mixture of the dried shredded leaves and flowers of Cannabis sativa, which is the hemp plant. Some users smoke marijuana in hand- rolled cigarettes called joints, many use pipes, bongs, or marijuana cigars called blunts. (H. (2016, August). What is marijuana? Retrieved November 07, 2016). Marijuana is not only usedRead MoreThe Advantages of Legalizing Marijuana Essay example1090 Words   |  5 PagesBut what seems to be very popular when the word drug comes up is the controversial ongoing debate on whether or not marijuana should be legalized. Many advocates believe prohibiting marijuana reduces crime, trafficking and increases health. However, marijuana is one of the most misunderstood drugs on the market. Keeping it illegal just causes more problems. Fully legalizing marijuana, while making sure it is controlled with limitations much lik e alcohol and tobacco, would boost our economy, bringRead MoreThe Legalization of Marijuana Essay966 Words   |  4 PagesIm for legalizing marijuana. Why pick on those drugs? Valium is legal. You just go to a doctor and get it and overdose on it - whats the difference? Prozac, all that stuff, so why not marijuana? Who cares? Its something that grows out of the ground - why not? Go smoke a head of cabbage. I dont care what you smoke (Stern). This particular quote is the reality of how many Americans actually feel about the supposed war on drugs. Mary jane, airplane, weed, reefer and dank are all commonly usedRead MoreThe Issue Of Legalization Of Marijuana1605 Words   |  7 Pagesfamous scientists in the United States known as Carl Sagan. Marijuana has been one of the most debated topics in the media today, and numerous years before. Altogether, this debate has raised many questions, yet with very few answers of whether the legalization of marijuana should be passed, and expressed throughout the nation as a whole. The fight for legalizing marijuana has embraced itself to see success. The legalization of marijuana is essential in society today for three reasons: failed prohibitionRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1459 Words   |  6 PagesThe word â€Å"cannabis†, most commonly known as weed, has rose the brow of Americans everywhere and has been the topic for debate for decades now. Those that oppose the use of the plant believe it is used to smoke, but there are many positive aspects which have been proven to result from its use. For example it is proven that marijuana is less dangerous to the human body than alcohol and tobacco products. As a result, most believe that the legalization of cannabis will drastically decrease the crimeRead MoreBenefits of Medical Marijuana Essay625 Words   |  3 Pagescan be prescribed for pain is medical marijuana. Even though it’s illegal in some states, but marijuana has become the most profitable and healing vital substance. Medical marijuana, also refer to as medical cannabis, is a good herbal therapy according to health practitioners(Medical marijuana for pain and depression). Medical marijuana has been around for centuries. Physicians back then used medical marijuana for illnesses and disorders(Medical marijuana for pain and depression). This is

Analysis Of Pelagius s Pelagius - 1934 Words

Pelagius taught that because God commanded men to live good and morally perfect lives, it can be assumed he also gave man the ability to do so. He rejected the idea of original sin causing man to be in a state of depravity. Pelagius’ focus was on the â€Å"capability of human nature to achieve perfection.† There was no excuse to allow for anything less than perfection, for since he had the will and the ability, it was possible. Pelagianism is driven by the thought that man can work, through the power of goodwill, to a state of holiness to earn a place of communion with God. This thought creates a â€Å"self-righteous piety† that minimalizes the work of Christ, reducing him to a wise man and prophet because man can accomplish communion with God†¦show more content†¦The letter expressed concerns regarding the Pelagian teachings. The monks were concerned that Augustine’s teachings would minimalize the ideas of free will, merit and divine judgmen t, making their mission to turn mankind from a love of the world to the love of God, obsolete. They were willing to accept that God had a part in the reformation of man but were not willing to go so far as Augustine that God had total control in the process of reformation. Augustine’s Philosophies For Augustine, coming to faith was a three-step process; preparation by reason, practicing acts of faith, and understanding of faith. Christ is both a divine authority and an inner teacher and guide, as he reflects on in On the Teacher. The words of scripture are nothing by themselves, but God uses them to reveal Himself to man â€Å"in his soul.† Grace The grace of God is a necessary component of man being able to exercise his free will correctly and choose to do good. In On Grace and Free Will, Augustine says that the reason there are divine commands in scripture is so that man will not be ignorant of grace and free will. Therefore, God cannot be blamed when a man sins or deny the achievement of will when he chooses good, keeping the hope of reward for his good works alive. Augustine taught that when men do good it is because grace gives them the power to do

Corrections Trend Evaluation Free Essays

Corrections Trend Evaluation Daysha Hopkins CJA-394 May 7, 2012 Hector Garcia Ed. D Abstract Throughout the United States, there are many correctional facilities that house thousands of inmates. Individuals who work within these facilities have a tough job in maintaining the prison facility and the inmates. We will write a custom essay sample on Corrections Trend Evaluation or any similar topic only for you Order Now Correctional officers are called the front line workers and are responsible for looking after the inmates. The officers who work for the correctional facility deal with issues that may arise inside and outside of the facility. The subject to discuss is to evaluate the past, present, and future trends pertaining to the development and operation of institutional community based corrections. An identification and analysis of current and future issues facing prisons and prison administrators today and the role/issue of alternate correction systems as a developing trend will also be discussed. Past, Present, and Future Trends that Pertain to Institutional Community Based Corrections There are many different trends that correctional facilities have used in the past and these trends have continued on to modern day. Many people may wonder if these trends are going to continue into the future or if these trends can be put to a stop. One trend that correctional facilities have used in the past and has carried on into the future was the lack of rehabilitation services that are offered to inmates. When inmates go to a correctional facility it is usually because of crime that the inmate has committed. There are many reasons why an inmate can be sent to a correctional facility, these reasons can be from drug abuse, committing murder, or something from the individual’s life-style that has triggered this behavior. Because of reasons such as the ones listed above, the inmate(s) should be allowed to get treatment or go through a rehabilitation program so that there is an understanding of where the problems first began. The purpose of rehabilitation is to educate offenders and motivate offenders to make a better life for themselves and everyone around them when he or she is released from the facility (Saunders, M. ,2006). There is not enough data that shows that treatment and rehabilitation programs will reduce criminal behavior in an offender and keep the offender from re-offending. Once an offender is released from an institution, he or she may have an idea about the way an institution is ran by his or her demeanor and attitude one he or she is released from the facility. Community based correction programs are about as important as a lock-down facility. These types of programs are designed to hold the inmate accountable for his or her actions, but also hold the communities responsible for reducing crime. Individuals who work toward reducing crime with the help of community based programs are also working hard to keep the community members involved in reducing crime, but also help the community understand how to manage offenders and get the offenders reintegrated back into the community (Evans, D. , 2004). Another trend that has caused issues for correctional facilities is gangs within the prison facility. Gangs within a correctional facility have been an ongoing issue for many years. There are so many members of gangs that are incarcerated and these gang members when brought into a correctional facility also bring his or her beliefs that his or her gang is the best. When members of the same gang become incarcerated in the same correctional facility, the prison gang grows and this causes a risk in harming the other inmates as well as the staff that works for the correctional facility. One main issue with gang members incarcerated is that the members are still able to communicate with each other and other members who are on the outside of the correctional facility. Gang members who are incarcerated continue to work and communicate with his or her members on the outside. There are also members of other gangs who are murdered while incarcerated because of the communication going on from one member to another whether the gang member was incarcerated or the gang member was on the outside (Cohn, 2006). Current and Future Issues Facing Prisons and Prison Administrators One of the biggest issues that prisons and prison administrators are facing today is over-crowding. There are so many offenders who are imprisoned and there is not enough space for all these inmates to be placed, but this does not stop prisons from getting more inmates. This issue is not only a huge problem, but it is a burden on the prison system, the administrators, and state and local governments. Not only is over-crowding a problem, but there is also not enough funding for these prisons with the amount of inmates that the correctional facilities are trying to hold. Many researchers have said that privatizing prisons may be a better solution for the criminal justice administration, but in all reality, the cost is about the same. The main issue that private ran facilities have is management. Private facilities have been scrutinized for the way that inmates are treated and the amount of health services inmates are getting. Another issue that prison and prison administrators are facing today is the re-entry of inmates back into society. Many inmates need to have basic knowledge of being in communities and to do this; some inmates are allowed to work in the community. When an inmate works in the community and then commits a crime, then the community might think badly of the correctional facility that the offender was released from. Before an inmate is released back into the community, the inmate needs to go through a treatment program to work on his or her needs before interacting within the public. Without the funds for these programs, there could be a huge issue for the criminal justice administrations, the community, and the prison that the inmates are housed at. Community based programs are great programs for inmates to get involved with because this gives the inmate the opportunity to learn basic social skills, independent living skills, life skills, and job skills. These programs also allow for inmates to show the public what he or she is about and that he or she can do things right. These programs are also designed to help inmates learn the right ways of life and to also test them to see if he or she is ready to be released back into society or if he or she needs to be incarcerated for a little longer. Sometimes, the criminal justice system looks at restorative justice for inmates instead of a correctional facility (Inayatullah, 2002). With restorative justice, inmates work toward building relationships with the people that he or she has committed a crime against, such as the community and its members. Restorative justice is less expensive because the inmate is not locked down in a facility, but is in a rehabilitation facility. Conclusion There is so much to speak about when it comes to prisons and if the prison facilities are actually helping inmates to become better members of his or her community or if there is more harm taking place. Prison administrators work hard to try and change the inmates and instilling values into the inmates, but over-crowding and underfunding is a big issue that the facilities are facing. There is so much to be done in the future in order to help the corrections system for example, building more facilities, restorative justice, and placing inmates into community based programs to help the inmate work on his or her individual needs. References: Saunders, M. , (2006), The Evolution of Correctional Programs, http://www. aca. rg/pastpresentfuture/archivemessages. asp Cohn, E. , (2006), The Gang Culture Continues To Grow, http://www. aca. org/pastpresentfuture/archivemessages. asp Evans, D. , (2004), http://www. aca. org/pastpresentfuture/archivemessages. asp Austin, J. , Coventry, G. , (2001), Emerging Issues on Privatized Prisons, https://www. ncjrs. gov/pdffiles1/bja/181249. pdf Inayatullah, S. , (2002), Scanning For Correctional Futures, http://www. metafuture. org/Scanning%20for%20Corre ctional%20Futures%20%20Executive%20Summary. pdf How to cite Corrections Trend Evaluation, Essay examples Corrections Trend Evaluation Free Essays This paper is the writer’s evaluation based on research of past, present, and future correction trends In regard to the development and Implementation of institutional and community based corrections. There Is an urgent need to revamp the antiquated practice of the crime control methodology. The get tough on crime approach requires harsh sentencing laws that subject non-violent offenders to harsh sentencing laws. We will write a custom essay sample on Corrections Trend Evaluation or any similar topic only for you Order Now This has dramatically contributed to escalated prison populations. Reallocation and retribution is ineffective and has resulted in high recidivism rates. Inadequate rehabilitation programs that lack proper funding and substance and long determinate sentences make prison a revolving door for those inmates who lack family support in regard to financial and moral support. Convicted felons are not likely to find suitable employment because they lack the skill or viable training to prepare them for reintegration into society. The get tough on crime, or crime control method of Justice is a proven failure and the corrections system is faced with the task f revamping the system that reduces costs and addresses rehabilitation in serious manner. The switch to alternative sentencing Is the new trend in regard to punishing criminals. Alternative sentencing already affects almost twice the number of persons convicted of crimes. The prison population Is aging and the medical cost of these inmates is at levels that could not have been anticipated. The prisons are old and out dated and do dot conform to the needs of the aging prisoners. Specialized medical needs, inadequate space, and structural designs that are needed to make access to he prison facilities easier for older prisoners are not in accordance with the Americans with Disabilities Act. (ACT). This further exacerbates the problem of diminished budgets by forcing the state and federal governments to settle lawsuits filed by inmates. Past The past methods of corrections evolved into several approaches in regard to punishment. In colonial days, prisoners were subjected to severe forms of corporal punishment that Included whipping and hanging. Theses physical types of punishments were condoned by the public and were accepted as Just and served as a deterrent for committing crimes. There was the medical approach that emphasized treatment for the offender and provided rehabilitation in the form of learning a trade offender become a productive part of society while they were incapacitated in prison or Jail. There were even attempts to lessen the severity of sentencing for capital offences. This was the first form of alternative sentencing. With the advent of prisons, there was a problem with disorderly conduct. This was mainly because there were no activities that adequately occupied the time of inmates. The earlier models of prisons were self-contained industrial compounds. Prisoners were actively engaged and prison sold the products the inmates produced. This made the prisons self-sufficient and gave the prison population trades that could be used when they were released. The depression was the reason for the collapse of the industrial model. Citizens were upset that prisoners were making products that could be manufactured by the citizens. Legislation was enacted that prevented prisons from making products that competed with civilian factories. The reasoning implied that the prisoners were there to be punished. This was the end of the industrial prison. New prisons had to be constructed to house the inmates because the industrial prisons were no longer adequate in regard to housing inmates. Prison administrator developed recreational activities such as movies and sports to mitigate the idle time of inmates. This was not as structured as the industrial prison model, but it occupied their time and quelled the frequent outbreaks of violence. Murrain’s and Roberts, 2009, â€Å"Chapter 16, Cycles in Orientation Towards the Sentencing of Criminal Offenders†). Present The sass’s presented a problem for the legislative branch of the government and orison officials. The general public did not feel safe in their communities. This prompted a get tough on crime approach that was based on the crime control mode l. This system was designed to incarcerate offenders for extended periods of time. Public sentiment drives the legislative process in regard to the laws that are enacted to control crime. There is also the belief that the politicians are solely responsible for the laws. The writer believes that the will of the citizens ultimately drives the legislation. There is evidentially support provided to support this. The enactment of three criteria regarding sentencing is an example of the citizens not feeling safe in their communities and the politicians reacting by passing laws that represent their sentiment. The sentencing called for enhanced punishments for repeat or habitual offenders, determinate sentencing, and safeguards that provided fair and equitable punishments regardless of the racial and ethnic make-up of the accused. There was legislation enacted that ensured that sentencing adhered to a standard that is non- discriminatory in nature and delivered Just deserts to the offenders. There were two legislative mandates that were enacted to provide oversight and regulate sentencing. The Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984 and the Sentencing Reform Act are interrelated in that one regulates the other. The Crime Control law focuses on the punishment and establishes sentencing criterion that is harsher and the Sentencing Reform Act establishes a standard in regard to applying the actual sentence to offenders. These programs are directed toward violent or severe offenders. Legislative initiatives include enhanced sanctions for sexual offenders as well. Habitual offender statute is widely accepted and used by the majority of the states. Most offenders are considered career felony offenders and incapacitation is a deterrent and a solution to get these offenders off the streets forever. This process because of mandatory minimums, and other determinate sentencing criteria. The habitual sentencing provides a problem regard to defining what felonies would fit the criteria as habitual. According to the law as it is written a felony is a felony. Now the statute presents treatment unfair to those offenders who have committed non-violent fences, but are considered habitual in the true sense of the statute. Career criminals use the law to avoid the statute by committing crimes in different jurisdictions. The problem with this statute is that there is no standard in regard to what type of felony is defined as a determining factor for this sentencing criterion. Truth in sentencing can be effective as a deterrent, but there is clarification that needs to happen. It is important to apply the law in a fair and equitable manner. The law is for habitual criminals who commit crimes of a violent nature, with guns or paeans, which cause serious bodily harm. It should not apply to lower classes of felonies that are non- violent in nature. (Murrain’s Roberts, 2009, â€Å"Chapter 16, Habitual Offender Statutes†) Sentence enhancements are guidelines for what were originally career criminals but later focused on crime committed with guns. This statute also applies to crimes that are sexual in nature. Drug convictions are included in sentence enhancement. This is the most controversial because drug offenders make up the majority of the inmate population in the country. The enhancement law affects the sentencing according to type of crime that is committed. The enhancement law does not affect the first time offender who uses a weapon but affects sentencing for all subsequent offenses. The drug enhancement law is applied for quantity, location, age of the person who the offender sold the drugs to, and the type of drug. Offenders that commit crimes frequently are also subjected to enhanced sentencing criterion. (Murrain’s Roberts, 2009, â€Å"Chapter 16, † Sentence Enhancement†). Certain sentencing disqualifies certain offenders from articulating in programs that require the interaction with community programs. Conviction for sexual crimes, murder, and alcohol offenses that result in loss of life, and certain drug offenses, (distribution or selling) prevents the offenders to be released to halfway houses and work release programs. The community members and the prison administration consider the risk too great a threat for these offenders to interact with the community. These offenders are released into a minimum- security facility because they require more supervision because of the nature of their crimes. Murrain’s Roberts, 2009, â€Å"Chapter 16, Restricted Housing†). Financial considerations are forcing the government and prison officials to look at alternative solutions that would mitigate sending offenders to Jail. Determinate sentences mitigate the use of parole of because offenders serve the mandatory minimum sentence, which meet the standard in regard for parole. Some states like Alabama eliminate parole because they satisfy their sentence requirement by requiring inmates to serve at least the mandatory minimum for their offenses. The cost to house offenders is not sustainable. There is already double the number of offenders serving alternative sanctions as compared to those who are incarcerated. The rate of incarceration is increasing at an astounding rate. The amount of criminals that are sent to prison is so overwhelming that the prison system is forced to release large numbers of non-violent inmates to make room for the new offenders. There is regard to enhanced sentencing. There are thousands of criminals serving life without parole sentences for non-violent offenses. The cost is astronomical to maintain inmates for the duration of their natural lives. Politicians are convinced that is the responsibility of the state and federal government to rehabilitate felons. This means financially too. According to A Living Death Life Without Parole For Nonviolent Crimes (2013), † 3,278 prisoners are serving LOOP for drug, property, and other nonviolent crimes in the United States as of 2012†³, (V. Findings: The use of Life Without Parole for Nonviolent Offenders). Conclusion There is one thing that remains a constant in regard to sentencing enhancement and other sentencing criterion. The costs are not sustainable to the state and federal governments. These ideas appear to deter crime, but the result of these laws has not deterred crime at all. The correction system has seen an increase in the number of incarcerations. There has to be clear and concise language regarding what type of felony is required to subject criminals to enhanced sentencing. First time offenders with non-violent offences should not be sentenced to LOOP. The corrections system and the government must find solutions to stop the rise of the prison population and not subject its citizens to this sentencing criterion without exceptions to the law. The age of the prison population is rising. Older inmates need more extensive medical treatment and modifications to the prison structures to eliminate hardship in accessing areas of the prison facility. Community sanctions are needed for non- violent prisoners to help them become productive members of society and earn a decent wage. There was little warning that a large prison population would become such a serious financial burden to the state and federal governments. America is considered the most civilized country in the free world. The prison population is not indicative of the term civilized, and is an embarrassment to the citizens of this great action. There will always a segment of criminals that need to be locked away, especially those who commit violent crimes. The government needs to concentrate on this segment of inmates and find a viable plan as to not apply enhanced sanctions on non-violent offenders. References: A Living Death Life Without Parole for Nonviolent Crimes. (2013). Retrieved from HTTPS://www. UCLA. Org/files/assets/111213a-loop-complete-report. PDF Murrain’s, R. , Roberts, A. R. (2009). Visions for Change. Crime and Justice in the Twenty- First Century (5th deed. ). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection Database. How to cite Corrections Trend Evaluation, Papers